sensors in aircraft, helicopter and aeroplane
Inspection of hidden defects in metal-metal joints of aircraft structures using eddy current technique with GMR sensor array
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Abstract To realise increased inspection depths in eddy current (EC) technique, giant magnetoresistive (GMR) magnetometer can be used as receiver element for an EC sensor. This paper reports on the efficient GMR sensor array for ET inspection of hidden defects in metal-metal joints
Application of a bank of Kalman filters and a robust Kalman filter for aircraft engine sensor/actuator fault diagnosis
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Abstract. In this paper, A Robust Kalman filter and a bank of Kalman filters are applied in fault detection and isolation (FDI) of sensor and actuator for aircraft gas turbine engine. A bank of Kalman filters is used to detect and isolate sensor fault, each of Kalman filter is
Aircraft angle-of-attack virtual sensor design via a functional pooling NARX methodology
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Stochastic Mechanical Systems (SMS) Group Department of MechanicalAeronautical Engineering University of sms Keywords: Virtual
Design Analysis of MEMS Capacitive Differential Pressure Sensor for Aircraft Altimeter
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Abstract:In this paper, an analytical and simulation solution for Micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) based capacitive differential pressure sensor for aircraft altimeter is proposed. The principle and design of the proposed MEMS capacitive differential
A systematic approach to sensor selection for aircraft engine health estimation
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Abstract A systematic approach for selecting an optimal suite of sensors for on-board aircraft gas turbine engine health estimation is presented. The methodology optimally chooses the engine sensor suite and the model tuning parameter vector to minimize the Kalman filter
Aircraft Sensor Fault Detection and Accommodation by Some Conventional Controllers
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Abstract: The purpose of the study is to present an approach to detect and accommodate sensor faults using an unknown input observers based fault detection and isolation approach. After the detection and isolation of the faults, accommodation is very important
Inductive sensor for lightning current measurement, fitted in aircraft windows Part II: Measurements on an A320 aircraft
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Abstract:A novel sensor for the detection of the lightning cur-rent through the fuselage of an aircraft has been tested on an A320 aircraft. An accurate method-of-moment model of the window edge provided reliable calibration of the sensor for external fields. The data have
The identification of aircraft sensor fault size via fuzzy logic
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Abstract:-Considering the possibility of unexpected situations, the authorities feel the necessity of keeping certain sub systems or components of aircraft under continuous scrutiny. Accordingly, sensors in flight control systems are considered as one of the crucial
Inductive sensor for lightning current measurement, fitted in aircraft windows Part I: Analysis for a circular window
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Abstract:A novel sensor is described for the detection of the lightning current through the fuselage of an aircraft. The sensor relies on the penetration of the magnetic field through fuselage openings and can be embedded in a window inside the aircraft. The sensor
Robust adaptive fault-tolerant control of the F-14 aircraft under sensor failures
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Abstract: This paper presents a novel fault detection and isolation (FDI) architecture applied to the lateral-directional axis of an F-14 aircraft during powered approach to landing under sensor failures. The fault-tolerant architecture employed is based on the so-called Robust
Dynamic threshold method based aircraft engine sensor fault diagnosis
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abstract It is challenging to have a good fault diagnostic scheme that can distinguish between model uncertainties and occurrence of faults, which helps in reducing false alarms and missed detections. In this paper, a dynamic threshold algorithm is developed for
A sensor package for ice surface characterization using small unmanned aircraft systems
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Abstract A suite of sensors has been assembled to map surface elevation and topography with fine-resolution from small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS). The sensor package consists of a light detecting and ranging (LIDAR) instrument, an inertial measurement unit
An investigation of candidate sensor-observable wake vortex strength parameters for the NASA Aircraft Vortex Spacing System (AVOSS)
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ABSTRACT The Aircraft Vortex Spacing System (AVOSS) under development at NASA is designed to prescribe safe and accurate aircraft landing approach separation distances. A key component of the AVOSS is a stationary ground sensor, making wake observations to
A neural network-based sensor validation scheme within aircraft control laws
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Dynamic systems can be classified into either open-loop or closed-loop systems. An open- loop system is a system where the inputs to the system are not influenced by the outcomes they generate. Rather, its inputs are designed based on desired system response and
Flexible, lightweight sensor for monitoring wiring in aircraft
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Insulation failure in aircraft wiring is a critical safety concern as discharges from wiring can lead to on-board fires. Recently, faulty wiring has been blamed for two tragic accidents, the downing of Swissair 111 and TWA 800. For flight safety, maintenance of the wiring system
Design of a solar harvester system for a wireless sensor network deployed for largeaircraft in-flight tests
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Abstract: this paper deals with the sizing of a few watts solar harvester. CIGS cells are used for the harvester and supercapacitors for the storage. The power management is explained. Practical results are exhibited. Small thickness (5mm) and large temperature range (-50
Recent Developments of Aircraft Nondestructive Evaluation Based on Advanced SensorTechniques
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Abstract The safety and structural integrity are of great importance to military and commercial aircraft, and the developments of effective nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods are receiving much attention in recent years. The objective of this paper was to provide the
Smart Sensor System for NDE of Corrosion in Aiging Aircraft
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The extension of the operation life of military and civilian aircraft rather than replacing them with new ones is increasing the probability of aircraft component failure as a result of aging. Aircraft that already have endured a long service life of more than 40 years are now being
Optimization of PZT actuator/sensor array for monitoring of aircraft fuselage panel using ultrasonic Lamb waves
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Abstract The paper deals with design of permanently mounted PZT actuator/sensor array for corrosion damage detection, localization and size evaluation on an Aluminum alloy aircraft fuselage panel. Properties of commercially available PZT actuators are studied in the first
Optimizing Contaminant Sensor Locations in a Twin-aisle Aircraft Cabin
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SUMMARY Currently only air temperature and barometric pressure are routinely measured in commercial aircraft cabins. The limited measurements are not sufficient to protect passengers and crew from infectious disease transmission or accidental contaminant
On the accuracy potential of large format solid state matrix sensor cameras on board an aircraft
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OPTIMAL POSITIONING OF SENSOR/ACTUATORS FOR ACTIVE VIBRATION CONTROL INSIDE AN AIRCRAFT, WITH THE USE OF A GENETIC ALGORITHM.
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Abstract. This paper presents the application of a Genetic Algorithm (GA) for the determination of the optimal placement of a sensor/actuator system able to control (reduce) the vibrations of an aircraft fuselage for the purpose of maximizing the reduction of the
Measuring and mapping crop vigour using an active optical sensor in an ultra low level aircraft
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Abstract An ultra low-level aircraft carrying an active NIR/Red CropCircleTM sensor was successfully deployed at an altitude of 3-5 m over a 270 Ha field of skip-row sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) to record and subsequently map photosynthetically-active biomass (
Hybrid Kalman Filter Approach for Aircraft Engine In-Flight Diagnostics: Sensor Fault Detection Case
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In-flight diagnostics of aircraft gas turbine engines is a critical task for the improvement of aviation safety. The capability to detect and/or isolate any faults, which may cause the engine to operate at an undesirable condition during flight, can improve not only the safety
Actuator and sensor positioning optimization in control design for a large BWB passengeraircraft
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This paper states an approach to actuator and sensor positioning optimization and design in the control system design of a large blended wing body (BWB) passenger aircraft. Numerous objectives have to be achieved by the control system: loads alleviation,
Sensor Motion Control, Image Corrections and Spectral Band Selection: Examples of Hyperspectral Imagery Using Low Flying Aircraft and mall Vessels in
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ABSTRACT Collection of pushbroom sensor imagery from a mobile platform requires correction of the platform motions using inertial measurement units (IMU's) as well as DGPS in order to create useable imagery for environmental monitoring and surveillance of
Aircraft sensor analysis package system description
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ABSTRACT This document presents an overview of the capabilities of the Aircraft Sensor Analysis Package (ASAP). ASAP Is a menu driven software package which executes on the
Design of a Quick-Release Mechanism for a C-130 Aircraft Sensor Platform
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West Virginia University (WVU) has been tasked with the needs assessment, design and fabrication of a sensor platform that is capable of operating remote sensors for use aboard the C-130 military aircraft [1-13]. WVU has completed design and construction of a
Combining Conditioned Laser Altimeter Data and GPS Altitude Data to Obtain AccurateAircraft Sensor Height Measurements
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In an effort to increase our knowledge of the air-sea interface, the Coupled Boundary Layers Air-Sea Transfer (CBLAST) for light-wind (Low) research program was created. The objectives of the CBLAST-Low program areto measure vertical fluxes of momentum and
AN AIRCRAFT SENSOR FAULT TOLERANT SYSTEM
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SSMJI AIRCRAFT UNDERFLIGHTS: INTRODUCTION AND AIRCRAFT SENSOR COMPARISONS
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In March 1988, the NASA DC-8 Airborne Laboratory and two Navy P-3 research aircraft made a series of SSW underflights to provide data needed to complete the objectives of NASA's Sea Ice Validation Program for the SSM/IWhile the Landsat
In-ight MTF Analysis of ADAR 5500 Aircraft Sensor
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INTRODUCTION The Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of an imaging system is one parameter that can be used to describe the spatial resolution or the image quality of an imaging system. MTF is the system's frequency response to an input. The MTF at a specic
Results From Tests,", it [-! Van-Mounted Sensor. OK, Magnetic Leader Cable'for AircraftGuidance During Roll-Out and Turnoff
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Effect of Runway Construction Material . 2 1 Effect of Aircraft Structure .. .E ffectof Band-Pass F ilter Phase Response on SynchronousA magnetic leader cable laid along the path that an aircraft is intended to fol- low is a potential source of guidance
Data Reporting (TAMDAR) Sensor Validation and Verification on National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Lockheed WP-3D Aircraft
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Summary As part of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Aviation Safety and Security Program, the Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting project (TAMDAR) developed a low-cost sensor for aircraft flying in the lower troposphere. This
Open Circuit Resonant (SansEC) Sensor Technology for Lightning Mitigation and Damage Detection and Diagnosis for Composite Aircraft Applications
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1.0 ABSTRACT Traditional methods to protect composite aircraft from lightning strike damage rely on a conductive layer embedded on or within the surface of the aircraft composite skin. This method is effective at preventing major direct effect damage and
Sensor Needs for Control and Health Management of Intelligent Aircraft Engines
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ABSTRACT NASA and the US. Department of Defense are conducting programs which support the future vision of intelligent aircra engines for enhancing the affordability, performance, operability, safety, and reliability of aircraft propulsion systems. Intelligent
Optical fiber sensor boosts aircraft engine monitoring
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Measuring blade vibrations in aircraft engines is crucial to not only assess turbine operation but also predict blade failures from fatigue. To predict the lifespan of engine blades and to prevent damage that can lead to huge repair costs or even to engine destruction, a low-
Sensor-Only System Identification for Structural Health Monitoring of Advanced Aircraft
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Abstract Environmental conditions, cyclic loading, and aging contribute to structural wear and degradation, and thus potentially catastrophic events. The challenge of health monitoring technology is to determine incipient changes accurately and efficiently. This
Infrared Sensor on Unmanned Aircraft Transmits Time-Critical Wildfire Data
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NASA Tech Briefs, December 2010 25 opening at the top to further reduce the tendency to trap bubbles. At the time of reporting the information for this article, an effort to identify an optimum technique for forming the slope and the taper was in progress. Of the techniques
Use of wireless sensor networks to supplement arinc 429 on aircraft avionics systems
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years ago to what it is still at today (AIM GmbH 2001). Wireless Sensor Networks offer an opportunity to upgrade existing aircraft and their designs to a newer age while maintaining low costs. Initially, wireless sensors can be
Onboard–SHM for Life Time Prediction and Damage Detection on Aircraft Structure Using Fibre Optical Sensor and LAMB Wave Technology
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ABSTRACT The fatigue of aircraft structures can be monitored by permanently recording strains, which result from the exposure of such structures to various types of loading throughout their usage. From these recordings it is possible to evaluate strain spectra,
A FIBER-OPTIC AIRCRAFT LIGHTNING CURRENT MEASUREMENT SENSOR
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ABSTRACT A fiber-optic current sensor based on the Faraday Effect is developed for aircraft installations. It can measure total lightning current amplitudes and waveforms, including continuing current. Additional benefits include being small, lightweight, non-conducting,
Automatic thresholding for detection of landing aircraft in FLIR imagery Joseph Boriotti United Technologies Norden Systems, Sensor Fusion Department 75 Maxess
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ABSTRACT We present a new method for automatic thresholding of thermal images when target is a landing aircraft. The raw thermal image is subjected to clip-low operations based on a sequence of threshold pairs. Each threshold pair is derived from the median
A Review of Sensor Technologies for the Detec-tion of Harmful Chemical and Biological Agents On-Board Commercial Aircraft
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Abstract In the era of rapid and frequent international air travel concern has been expressed that the commercial airliner cabin may be a potential vehicle for rapidly spreading harmful biological agents, be they associated with natural epidemics or intentional releases. The
WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS IN AIRCRAFT DESIGN AND STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING
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Abstract: Aircraft industry faces many challenges to reduce both operational and maintenance cost. One of the possible ways for reducing these costs is the introduction of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). WSNs are already finding a variety of applications for
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF OPTIMAL PARTICULATE SENSOR LOCATION IN ANAIRCRAFT CABIN
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ABSTRACT The primary objective of this research was to develop a reliable method to monitor and control air quality within a wide-body aircraft cabin. To achieve this objective, a longterm systematic experimental and computational research plan is developed. This
A Sensor System of Seat Sensor Network for Adaptive Aircraft Passenger Seat System
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I. ABSTRACT Air travel is becoming increasingly more accessible to people both through the availability of cheap flights and because the airlines are now able to cater for individuals of all ages and disabilities. Air travels, especially for long haul, may cause both physiological
Modeling, Simulation, and Experimentation for the Multi-sensor Command and ControlAircraft (MC2A)
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The Multi-sensor Command and Control Aircraft (MC2A), teamed with UAVs and direct machine-tomachine connectivity to ground and space-based sensors [1], is expected to dramatically change the way future air operations, and air support to ground force
Critical Event-Triggered Transmission for Wireless Sensor Node in Aircraft Structural Health Monitoring
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A RUGGED LED-BASED SENSOR FOR AIRCRAFT FIRE DETECTION
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Curl-ent systems for fire detection in aircraft c; irgo compartments tend to have high false alarm rates and have no method for self-testing. Thus, an innovative instrument for enrly aircraft cargo bay fire detection is being developed using inexpensive and rugged mid-
RESPONSE OF CONTAMINANT DETECTION SENSORS AND SENSOR SYSTEMS IN A COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT CABIN
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ABSTRACT To reduce the potential risk of airborne infectious diseases during an outbreak or to detect a chemical/biological release by a terrorist, it is essential to place appropriate chemical/biological sensors in commercial airliner cabins. This investigation studied
HYBRID KALMAN FILTER APPLICATION IN ADAPTIVE IN-FLIGHT SENSOR FAULT ISOLATION AND DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS OF AIRCRAFT ENGINES
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Abstract:In 1960, Rudolf E. Kalman introduced a computer algorithm of mathematical equations known as the Kalman filter,a recursive solution to the discrete-data linear filtering problem[1]. Kalman filters efficiently process data by identifying gratuitous noise while
A technical survey on medium access control and routing protocols in wireless sensor networks for the active aircraft
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Executive Summary This report presents a review of the state-of-the-art medium access control and routing protocols for wireless sensor/actuator networks (WSAN). A topological WSAN design is introduced as part of the solution for decentralised local and centralised
LIDAR Sensor Based Obstacle Avoidance System for Manned and Unmanned Aircraft
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Abstract-The demand for reliable obstacle avoidance capabilities to ensure safe operation of manned and unmanned aircraft platforms in proximity of the terrain has led to the development of a number of obstacle detection and warning systems. Among the different
SENSOR FAULTS DIAGNOSIS IN AIRCRAFT LATERAL FLIGHT CONTROL USING MODEL BASED APPROACHES
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ABSTRACT In this paper, sensor fault detection and isolation schemes are proposed. Fault detection and isolation techniques are used in fail safe control systems such as aerospace. In these systems, failures can cause to arise undesirable results. Using model based
Sensor Alternatives for Future Unmanned Tactical Aircraft
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SUMMARY This paper addresses the enabling technologies of the sensor suite for the next generation Unmanned Tactical Aircraft (UTA).target sensors, communication sensors, and navigation sensors that are used in the UTA intelligence,
Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Network Architecture for Aircraft Structure Health Monitoring: from sensor to data collect
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ABSTRACT Aerospace testing and monitoring systems are based nowadays on point-to- point wiring, which results in heavy cables, difficult installation and maintenance and a limited number of sensors. Switching to wireless communication will allow to respond to
Low-Cost Multi-Sensor Data Fusion for Unmanned Aircraft Navigation and Guidance
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Abstract-Multi-sensor navigation systems involving satellite based and inertial sensors are widely adopted in aviation to improve the stand-alone navigation solution for a number of mission-and safety-critical applications. However such integrated Navigation and
Low-power STDR CMOS sensor for locating faults in aging aircraft wiring
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Abstract:A CMOS sensor used to locate intermittent faults on live aircraft wires is presented. A novel architecture was developed to implement the Sequence Time Domain Reflectometry method on a fl. 5-/. iin integrated circuit. The sensor locates short or open cir
sensor in helicopter
Task-based Guidance of Multiple Detached Unmanned Sensor Platforms in MilitaryHelicopter Operations
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Abstract The guidance of multiple Uninhabited Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as sensor platforms in military helicopter missions has been addressed by the development and integration of socalled Artificial Cognitive Units (ACUs) aboard the UAVs and into the airborne operator
Helicopter fuselage crack monitoring and prognosis through on-board sensor network
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Abstract An advanced method for maintenance cost reduction and structural safety improvement of helicopters frame is presented. In this approach, residual life evaluation is based on the real time acquisition of the crack damage, by means of dedicated sensor
Real-time mapping from a helicopter with a new optical sensor system
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Towards Wireless Sensor Usage and Health Monitoring of Helicopter Rotor Components
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Abstract Wireless sensors offer the promise of a paradigm shift from traditional schedule- driven maintenance to condition-based maintenance of aircraft subsystems. In particular this technology will benefit applications where running cables to sensors is difficult or
Robust Fault Tolerant Control With Sensor Faults for a Four Rotor Helicopter
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ABSTRACT This paper considers the control problem for an under actuated quadrotor UAV system in presence of sensor faults. Dynamic modelling of quadrotor while taking into account various physical phenomena, which can influence the dynamics of a flying
Wide-Area Surveillance System using a UAV Helicopter Interceptor and Sensor Placement Planning Techniques
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Abstract This project proposes and describes the implementation of a wide-area surveillance system comprised of a sensor/interceptor placement planning and an interceptor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) helicopter. Given the 2-D layout of an area, the
VIDEO/LASER HELICOPTER SENSOR TO COLLECT PACK ICE PROPERTIES FOR VALIDATION OF RADARSAT SAR BACKSCATTER VALUES
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ABSTRACT A helicopter-mounted Video-Laser-GPS system was used to collect video images and surface roughness data from the Gulf of St. Lawrence pack ice to validate the effect of the pack ice properties on the RADARSAT backscatter values in the RADARSAT
Control of Helicopter with Compound Eye Sensor
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We have fabricated a compound eye sensor with five visual units. Each unit consists of a photo diode as a photo sensor, a plano-convex lens for gathering light and a slit for narrowing its field of vision. The optical axis of a visual unit can be adjusted by changing
Sensor fr 0 Measuring Angle of Attack of Helicopter Blades
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SUMMARY Systematic investigations were performed on a variety of probes to determine their potential for possible application as sensors attached to helicopter blades to measure both the instantaneous angle of attack as well as the dynamic head during actual flight
Performance of a real-time sensor and processing system on a helicopter
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ABSTRACT: A new optical real-time sensor system (4k system) on a helicopter is now ready to use for applications during disasters, mass events and traffic monitoring scenarios. The sensor was developed light-weighted, small with relatively cheap components in a pylon
Instrumentation and Sensor Fusion Implementation for Automated Takeoff and Landing Sequence of a Single-Rotor RC Helicopter
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Abstract: The Autonomous Takeoff and Landing Sequences of an RC Helicopter (ATLaS) aims to develop a control system that can automate the takeoff and landing sequence, as well as maintain a low-altitude hover, of a Radio-controlled (RC) helicopter. These three
Collision Avoidance System for Agricultural Unmanned Helicopter using LIDAR Sensor
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Abstract In recent years, Agricultural unmanned helicopters are rapidly increasing in UAV market. Agricultural helicopters usually fly near the ground by about 5~ 10 meter altitude. Since they might encounter various kinds of ground obstacles such as electric pole, power
HELICOPTER FUSELAGE CRACK MONITORING AND PROGNOSIS THROUGH ON-BOARDSENSOR NETWORK
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Abstract An advanced method for maintenance cost reduction and structural safety improvement of helicopters frame is presented. In this approach, residual life evaluation is based on the real time acquisition of the crack damage, by means of dedicated sensor
MIO Radiation Detection using Radio Controlled Helicopter Transporting a Small Sodium Iodide-Based Sensor System
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This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, nor any of their employees makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or
The development of a multi-spectral sensor and unmanned helicopter for the inspection of electrical power lines
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Abstract In terms of flight modes the ability of a rotary winged unmanned aircraft system RUAS) to hover makes it suitable for applications such as inspection and surveying within localized, access controlled areas. This paper describes the motivation for and
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