cluster head selection issues on MANET








A review current routing attacks in mobile ad-hoc networks
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 However, frequent cluster head changes can adversely affect routing protocol performance since nodes are busy in cluster head selection rather than packet relaying.  Security solutions are important issues for MANET, especially for those selecting-sensitive applications 

HEED: a hybrid, energy-efficient, distributed clustering approach for ad hoc sensor networks
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 applications that can use HEED, and compares HEED with a generalized energy-efficient version of LEACH [8]. Section 6 discusses some of the HEED design issues and possible  For this reason, cluster head selection is primarily based on the residual energy of each node. 

An ACO algorithm for effective cluster head selection
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Many clustering schemes have been developed to solve these issues in MANET.  The implementation of clustering schemes in MANET helps in improving the routing by reducing the  with a high degree of relative scalability are considered for the cluster head selection process [ 

Guidelines on selecting intrusion detection methods in MANET
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 There are three development issues need to be addresses:  B: Output Figure 1. Framework of Comparison Study on Intrusion Detections in MANET Proc ISECON 2004, v21 (Newport): §3233 (refereed)  The network partition and cluster head selection is dynamic. 

Clustering wireless ad hoc networks with weakly connected dominating set
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 them. That is, we can also integrate the weight of node defined in [3] into our algorithm to extend the cluster-head selection criteria.  problem. In our future work, we plan to further investigate these hard issues in MANET. 3.3. Performance 

Cluster-based framework in vehicular ad-hoc networks
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 Thus, many of the issues making deployment and long term use of ad hoc networks problematic in  VANETs, however, pose new challenges in cluster head selection and network stability.  Many simulation tools and environments have been designed for MANET implementations 

Classification of ad hoc routing protocols
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 Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) are networks which routing is based on multi-hop  can vary in large scale, latency, link utilization percentage and terminal energy issues to mention  In partitioning protocols there are some kind of clustering and cluster head selection mechanism 

A taxonomy of wireless micro-sensor network models
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 We dis- cuss the other two levels only with regard to issues that influence communication.  For example, in a clustering protocol, infrastructure communication is required for the formation of clusters and cluster-head selection; under mobility or sensor failure, this com- munication 

Current research work on routing protocols for MANET: a literature survey
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 Multicast routing protocols for MANET can be classified again into two categories: Tree-based multicast protocol and Mesh-based multicast  For structuring the network into separate but interrelated groups, cluster heads are elected using a cluster head selection algorithm. 

A survey of Energy-Efficient Hierarchical Cluster-based Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks
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 networks, for example, cellular systems and mobile ad hoc networks (MANET), WSNs have  E-LEACH proposes a cluster head selection algorithm for sensor networks that have non-uniform  The factors affecting cluster formation and CH communication are open issues for future 

Swarm Intelligence based optimization Of MANET cluster formation
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 problems which can be reduced to relative organization of node positions in a graph. 4 Page 13. This thesis exploits the above mentioned behavior of Ant optimization to form clusters. This work proposes a Swarm Optimized Algorithm for Clustering (SOAC) to identify MANET 

Location-based multicast routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks
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 In each cluster, a cluster head and gateways are selected by a cluster head selection algorithm and a  hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (MAODV) Routing," IETF Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet- maodv-00  25. " QoS Issues in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks," IEEE Network Magazine, Feb 

TACA: A topology adaptive clustering algorithm for mobile ad hoc network
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 ABSTRACT – The research on various issues in Mobile ad hoc networks are getting popularity because of its  limited battery power and computing power of nodes pose challenge in MANET scalability and  TABLE I PSEUDO CODE FOR VOLUNTEER CLUSTER HEAD SELECTION 

Secure routing in wireless sensor networks: Attacks and countermeasures
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 Security issues in ad-hoc networks are similar to those in sensor networks and have been well enumerated in the literature [8] and [9], but the defense  If cluster-head selection is static, those unlucky nodes chosen as cluster-heads would quickly run out of energy and die. 

Routing in mobile ad hoc networks
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A sample MANET using DSDV  predecessor and successor in the table is beneficial to detect loops and to avoid count-to-infinity problems.  For structuring the net- work into separate but interrelated groups, cluster heads are elected using a cluster head selection algorithm.  <

DEMAC: A Cluster-Based Topology Control for Ad Hoc Networks
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 As mentioned earlier, in hierarchical cluster-based MANET, cluster heads play the main role in maintaining the  IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol.  a two step clustering algorithm is proposed which uses the priority as a basis for cluster head selection. 

Link State Routing Protocol with Cluster Based Flooding for Mobile Ad-hoc Computer Networks
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Cluster Head Selection Let t be the period between the Hello broadcasts.  Release 1.0, Issues and Considerations, IETF Internet Draft, work in prog- ress 

Distributed multicast routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks
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 known as infrastructure and infrastructureless mobile network, or mobile ad hoc network (MANET).  One of the core issues that providing such mechanisms is multicast routing [2-7  After the clusters have been constructed, a cluster head selection algorithm is used to determinate 

From manet to ietf roll standardization: A paradigm shift in wsn routing protocols
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 inconsistency is detected (eg when a route breaks due to a topological change), and issues a new  C. IETF MANET to IETF ROLL, a Paradigm Shift  of cluster-based solutions must be balanced against the signaling cost for cluster formation, cluster-head selection and cluster 

On the Selection of Cluster Heads in MANETs
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 In this paper, we investigate the problems of cluster head selection for large and dense  Two variants of the cluster head selection are examined: (1) the distance-constrained selection where every  Keywords: MANET, scalability, clustering algorithms, complexity, NP-complete. 

A mobility-based cluster formation algorithm for wireless mobile ad-hoc networks
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 hoc networks, many efforts have been done to de- sign the mobility-based networking protocols for MANET. Designing the resistant-to-mobility cluster formation proto- cols is one of the issues that has  This cluster- head selection procedure is repeated for the remaining nodes 

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